Quid Pro Quo (QPQ) Tracker
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ISSUE ONE ACTION

Connections

1

PAC Chain Attribution

Where ISSUE ONE ACTION’s money ended up

Attributed amounts are modeled estimates of how money flowed through intermediary PACs, computed by proportional apportionment of FEC-reported transactions. They are not reported transactions themselves. How we compute this

$68K
modeled estimate
2 paths across 2 counterparties
$34Kmodeled estimateattributed to Mike Johnson
2024 cycle1 path0 hopsHigh confidence
$34Kmodeled estimateISSUE ONE ACTION→Mike Johnsonhighelectioneering_communication

smallest single documented leg $34K

$34Kmodeled estimateattributed to Steve Scalise
2024 cycle1 path0 hopsHigh confidence
$34Kmodeled estimateISSUE ONE ACTION→Steve Scalisehighelectioneering_communication

smallest single documented leg $34K

$68K attributed (modeled estimate) across 2 paths·Up to 0 hops deep·Source FEC filings (Schedules A, B, E)·How we compute this

Outside Spending and Dark Money

Dark money is election spending by organizations that do not disclose their donors: 501(c)(4) social welfare organizations, 501(c)(6) trade associations, and similar non-committee filers (FEC Form 5 and Form 9). Registered super PACs also make independent expenditures. But they itemize their donors with the FEC, so their spending is not dark money. Figures below are never combined with disclosed-donor totals.

Electioneering communications (Form 9)

$67,500

Form 9 Electioneering Communications Filed

Target CandidateAmountDate
Steve Scalise$33,750Sep 13, 2024
Mike Johnson$33,750Sep 13, 2024

Source: FEC Form 9 filings. Broadcast, cable, or satellite ads mentioning a federal candidate within 30/60 days of an election.

IRS 990 Schedule I Grant Chain

Grants between nonprofits reported on IRS Form 990 Schedule I. Grants between organizations are one route for dark money. A nonprofit may receive a grant from one entity and then spend that money on election ads.

IRS 990 Schedule I grants given

$250,000

GranteeAmountTax YearPurpose
REPUBLICAN ACCOUNTABILITY PAC$250,0002022GENERAL SUPPORT

Source: IRS Form 990 Schedule I (Grants and Other Assistance to Organizations) via ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer and IRS 990 XML e-files. Grant amounts represent the most recent filing year available.

IRS 990 data lags a year or more behind filing. Grants shown are for the stated tax year and do not establish current-cycle funding.

Methodology Disclosure

Dark money figures are derived from FEC Form 5 (independent expenditures by non-committee organizations) and Form 9 (electioneering communications). These filings capture spending on ads and election communications but do not reveal the identity of the organization's donors. QPQ totals may differ from benchmarks like the Brennan Center's estimates. QPQ includes all Form 5 filers, while some benchmarks count only a subset of non-disclosing nonprofits. Grant chain data is from IRS Form 990 Schedule I and may not include all years or all grantee organizations.

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Donations Given and Outside Spending

Largest 50 records. Rows badged “Spent to support” or “Spent to oppose” are independent expenditures this entity paid to vendors for or against the named candidate. That money was not given to them.

RecipientAmountDateCycle
Steve ScaliseElectioneering ad$33,750Sep 13, 20242024
Mike JohnsonElectioneering ad$33,750Sep 13, 20242024

Relationships

TypeConnected ToDetailsSource
Gave money toREPUBLICAN ACCOUNTABILITY PACIRS 990 Schedule I grant of $250,000 (tax year 2022). Purpose: GENERAL SUPPORTSource