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Entity DossierPerson

DOWNING, TROY

Tracked receipts exceed tracked giving by

$508,376

Federal candidate, office H, state MT

Tracked direct giving

$3,325

IE supporting this entity

$511,701

Connections

1

The Money Trail

How money flowed to DOWNING, TROY

$515K
5 transactions across 4 counterparties

Defend American Jobs spent $510K supporting DOWNING, TROY across 2 contributions. Defend American Jobs advocates for GENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (S.394).

May 2024independent expenditure GENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Inno… no recorded vote

DOWNING, TROY directed $3K to ZINKE FOR CONGRESS.

Sep 2023individual

NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA POLITICAL VICTORY FUND spent $2K supporting DOWNING, TROY.

Sep 2024independent expenditure

DOWNING, TROY directed $325 to AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CROP INSURERS PAC.

May 2023individual
$515K tracked across 4 counterparties·1 policy outcome
PAC Chain Attribution

Who funded DOWNING, TROY

Attributed amounts are modeled estimates of how money flowed through intermediary PACs, computed by proportional apportionment of FEC-reported transactions. They are not reported transactions themselves. How we compute this

$417K
modeled estimate
25 paths across 8 counterparties
$151Kmodeled estimatefrom Coinbase, Inc.
2024 cycle6 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$46Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.Defend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$40Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.FairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$39Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.FairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$13Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.FairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$13Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.FairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

+ 1 more path

$71Kmodeled estimatefrom HOROWITZ, BEN
2024 cycle5 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$23Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$18Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$18Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$6Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$6Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$71Kmodeled estimatefrom ANDREESSEN, MARC
2024 cycle5 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$23Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$18Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$18Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$6Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$6Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

2024 cycle2 paths1 hopMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$46Kmodeled estimateA16Z Capital Management, L.L.C. (Andreessen Horowitz)Defend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$1Kmodeled estimateA16Z Capital Management, L.L.C. (Andreessen Horowitz)Defend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $11K documented end-to-end

$47Kmodeled estimatefrom Ripple Labs Inc.
2024 cycle2 paths1 hopMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$46Kmodeled estimateRipple Labs Inc.Defend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$1Kmodeled estimateRipple Labs Inc.Defend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $11K documented end-to-end

$25Kmodeled estimatefrom Jump Crypto
2024 cycle2 paths2 hopsMedium confidence
$13Kmodeled estimateJump CryptoFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$13Kmodeled estimateJump CryptoFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$3Kmodeled estimatefrom Paradigm Operations LP
2024 cycle2 paths2 hopsMedium confidence
$1Kmodeled estimateParadigm Operations LPFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$1Kmodeled estimateParadigm Operations LPFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$2Kmodeled estimatefrom TARGETED PLATFORM MEDIA
2024 cycle1 path2 hopsMedium confidence
$2Kmodeled estimateTARGETED PLATFORM MEDIAFairshakeDefend American JobsDOWNING, TROYmediumSupportindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$417K attributed (modeled estimate) across 25 paths·Up to 2 hops deep·Source FEC filings (Schedules A, B, E)·How we compute this

Dark Money Spending

Election spending by organizations that do not disclose their donors. Dark money flows through 501(c)(4) social welfare organizations, 501(c)(6) trade associations, and similar entities that are not required to reveal their funders. Figures below are never combined with disclosed-donor totals.

Dark Money Targeting This Entity

FilerAmountTypeSupport/OpposeDate
Defend American Jobs$498,714Form 5 IESupportingMay 23, 2024
Defend American Jobs$11,245Form 5 IESupportingMay 23, 2024
NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA POLITICAL VICTORY FUND$1,742Form 5 IESupportingSep 30, 2024

Money spent by non-disclosing organizations on ads and communications referencing this candidate. These dollars do not flow to the candidate's committee.

Methodology Disclosure

Dark money figures are derived from FEC Form 5 (independent expenditures by non-committee organizations) and Form 9 (electioneering communications). These filings capture spending on ads and election communications but do not reveal the identity of the organization's donors. QPQ totals may differ from benchmarks like the Brennan Center's estimates because QPQ includes all Form 5 filers, while some benchmarks count only a subset of non-disclosing nonprofits. Grant chain data is from IRS Form 990 Schedule I and may not include all years or all grantee organizations.

Connected Government Contracts

Companies that DOWNING, TROY holds stock in, is employed by, or receives donations from may also receive government contracts. The connections below show which companies have federal awards.

Received donations from

Received donations from affiliated PAC/entity

No contracts found

Stock disclosures from Senate EFD / House Financial Disclosures. Contract data from USASpending.gov. Connection does not imply wrongdoing.

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Election Results

YearOfficeStatePartyResultTotal RaisedPAC Money
2024US HouseMTLost$2,943,575

Donations Given

RecipientAmountDateCycle
ZINKE FOR CONGRESS$3,000Sep 4, 20232024
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CROP INSURERS PAC$325May 11, 20232024

Donations Received

DonorAmountDateCycle
Defend American JobsIE support$498,714May 23, 20242024
Defend American JobsIE support$11,245May 23, 20242024
NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA POLITICAL VICTORY FUNDIE support$1,742Sep 30, 20242024

Relationships

TypeConnected ToDetailsSource
Advocated for byDefend American JobsIndependent expenditures totaling $2,039,836.64 across 8 filingsSource