Quid Pro Quo (QPQ) Tracker
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Entity DossierPerson

James C. Justice

Republican · West Virginia

Federal candidate, office S, state WV

Tracked donations to candidate

None in tracked data

IE for this entity (not received)

$3,029,412

Connections

62

Votes

50

Independent expenditures are paid by outside groups to ad and mail vendors. None of that money reached this entity's committee, and none of it is counted as a receipt.

The Money Trail

How money flowed to James C. Justice

$29K
4 transactions across 2 counterparties
sum of 4 tracked donations shown

Defend American Jobs spent $26K supporting James C. Justice across 3 contributions between January 2024 and April 2024. James C. Justice voted YES on GENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (S.394), which Defend American Jobs advocates for.

Jan 2024 – Apr 2024independent expenditure→ GENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Inno… consistent with donor position; gift preceded the vote

NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA POLITICAL VICTORY FUND spent $4K supporting James C. Justice.

Oct 2024independent expenditure
$29K tracked across 2 counterparties (sum of 4 tracked donations shown)·1 policy outcome·3 consistent with donor position (gift before vote)
PAC Chain Attribution

Who funded James C. Justice

Attributed amounts are modeled estimates of how money flowed through intermediary PACs, computed by proportional apportionment of FEC-reported transactions. They are not reported transactions themselves. How we compute this

$25K
modeled estimate
16 paths across 13 counterparties
$6Kmodeled estimatefrom Coinbase, Inc.
2024 cycle2 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidence
$4Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$2Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.→Fairshake→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$4Kmodeled estimatefrom Ripple Labs Inc.
2024 cycle1 path1 hopMedium confidence
$4Kmodeled estimateRipple Labs Inc.→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$4Kmodeled estimatefrom COINBASE INC
2024 cycle1 path1 hopMedium confidence
$4Kmodeled estimateCOINBASE INC→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

2024 cycle1 path1 hopMedium confidence
$4Kmodeled estimateA16Z Capital Management, L.L.C. (Andreessen Horowitz)→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$3Kmodeled estimatefrom HOROWITZ, BEN
2024 cycle2 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidence
$2Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BEN→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$1Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BEN→Fairshake→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$3Kmodeled estimatefrom Marc Andreessen
2024 cycle2 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidence
$2Kmodeled estimateMarc Andreessen→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$1Kmodeled estimateMarc Andreessen→Fairshake→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$572modeled estimatefrom Jump Crypto
2024 cycle1 path2 hopsMedium confidence
$572modeled estimateJump Crypto→Fairshake→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

$483modeled estimatefrom Phil Potter
2024 cycle1 path2 hopsMedium confidence
$483modeled estimatePhil Potter→Fairshake→Defend American Jobs→James C. JusticemediumSupportindependent_expenditure

smallest single documented leg $8K (larger than the modeled estimate: the leg carried money from other sources too)

Plus 5 additional chains totaling $909.

$25K attributed (modeled estimate) across 16 paths·Up to 2 hops deep·Source FEC filings (Schedules A, B, E)·How we compute this

Outside Spending and Dark Money

Dark money is election spending by organizations that do not disclose their donors: 501(c)(4) social welfare organizations, 501(c)(6) trade associations, and similar non-committee filers (FEC Form 5 and Form 9). Registered super PACs also make independent expenditures. But they itemize their donors with the FEC, so their spending is not dark money. Figures below are never combined with disclosed-donor totals.

Outside Spending About This Entity

Every independent expenditure and electioneering communication in the tracked filings that names this entity, by any filer. Most filers here are super PACs that disclose their donors. Only the non-committee nonprofits among them are dark money.

FilerAmountTypeSupport/OpposeDate
Defend American Jobs$1,500,000Form 5 IESupportingJan 17, 2024
Defend American Jobs$1,500,000Form 5 IESupportingFeb 27, 2024
Defend American Jobs$8,712Form 5 IESupportingFeb 27, 2024
Defend American Jobs$8,702Form 5 IESupportingJan 17, 2024
Defend American Jobs$8,129Form 5 IESupportingApr 24, 2024
NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA POLITICAL VICTORY FUND$3,869Form 5 IESupportingOct 16, 2024

Money spent by non-disclosing organizations on ads and communications referencing this candidate. These dollars do not flow to the candidate's committee.

Methodology Disclosure

Dark money figures are derived from FEC Form 5 (independent expenditures by non-committee organizations) and Form 9 (electioneering communications). These filings capture spending on ads and election communications but do not reveal the identity of the organization's donors. QPQ totals may differ from benchmarks like the Brennan Center's estimates. QPQ includes all Form 5 filers, while some benchmarks count only a subset of non-disclosing nonprofits. Grant chain data is from IRS Form 990 Schedule I and may not include all years or all grantee organizations.

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Election Results

YearOfficeStatePartyResultTotal RaisedTracked direct PAC giving
2024US SenateWVRepublicanWon$4,587,416—

Donations Received and Outside Spending

Largest 50 records. Badged rows are independent expenditures other groups paid to vendors for or against this entity. That money did not reach its committee.

DonorAmountDateCycle
Defend American JobsSpent to support$1,500,000Jan 17, 20242024
Defend American JobsSpent to support$1,500,000Feb 27, 20242024
Defend American JobsSpent to support$8,712Feb 27, 20242024
Defend American JobsSpent to support$8,702Jan 17, 20242024
Defend American JobsSpent to support$8,129Apr 24, 20242024
NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA POLITICAL VICTORY FUNDSpent to support$3,869Oct 16, 20242024

Voting Record

BillPositionChamberDate
Ratepayer Protection Act (H.R. 9340)YeasenateSep 30, 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing ActNot votingsenateJun 22, 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing ActYeasenateJun 18, 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing ActYeasenateJun 16, 2026
Secure America ActYeasenateJun 5, 2026
Secure America ActNaysenateJun 5, 2026
Secure America ActNaysenateJun 5, 2026
Secure America ActNaysenateJun 4, 2026
Secure America ActNaysenateJun 4, 2026
Secure America ActYeasenateJun 3, 2026
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN.YeasenateApr 16, 2026
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN.YeasenateApr 16, 2026
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN.YeasenateApr 16, 2026
Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.YeasenateMar 26, 2026
Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.YeasenateMar 25, 2026
Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.YeasenateMar 20, 2026
Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.YeasenateMar 12, 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing ActYeasenateMar 12, 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing ActNot votingsenateMar 11, 2026
Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.YeasenateMar 5, 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing ActYeasenateMar 4, 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing ActYeasenateMar 2, 2026
Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.YeasenateFeb 24, 2026
Homeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.YeasenateFeb 12, 2026
Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025.Not votingsenateFeb 12, 2026
Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025.YeasenateFeb 11, 2026
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026YeasenateJan 30, 2026
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026YeasenateJan 29, 2026
Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026YeasenateJan 15, 2026
Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026YeasenateJan 15, 2026
A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress.YeasenateJan 14, 2026
Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026YeasenateJan 12, 2026
A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress.NaysenateJan 8, 2026
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026YeasenateDec 17, 2025
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026YeasenateDec 15, 2025
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026YeasenateDec 11, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision.YeasenateDec 4, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment.YeasenateNov 20, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateNov 11, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateNov 11, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateNov 10, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateNov 10, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateNov 4, 2025
A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision".YeasenateOct 30, 2025
A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision".YeasenateOct 29, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026Not votingsenateOct 28, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateOct 22, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateOct 20, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateOct 16, 2025
Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026YeasenateOct 15, 2025

Relationships

TypeConnected ToDetailsSource
Held officeU.S. SenateSitting member of the U.S. Senate in the 119th Congress.Source
Member ofAgriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry CommitteeMember of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofConservation, Forestry, Natural Resources, and Biotechnology SubcommitteeMember of Conservation, Forestry, Natural Resources, and Biotechnology Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofFood and Nutrition, Specialty Crops, Organics, and Research SubcommitteeMember of Food and Nutrition, Specialty Crops, Organics, and Research Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofLivestock, Dairy, Poultry, and Food Safety SubcommitteeMember of Livestock, Dairy, Poultry, and Food Safety Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofEnergy SubcommitteeMember of Energy Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofWater and Power SubcommitteeMember of Water and Power Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofPublic Lands, Forests, and Mining SubcommitteeMember of Public Lands, Forests, and Mining Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofEnergy and Natural Resources CommitteeMember of Energy and Natural Resources Committee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofSmall Business and Entrepreneurship CommitteeMember of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofAging (Special) CommitteeMember of Aging (Special) Committee (119th Congress).Source
Donated toWINREDDonated $1,000 to WINREDSource
Voted onGENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (S.394)Vote yea on roll call 318Source
Donated toTrump National Committee JfcDonated $1,000 to TRUMP NATIONAL COMMITTEE JFC, INC.Source
Donated toHARRIS VICTORY FUNDDonated $1,200 to HARRIS VICTORY FUNDSource
Donated toHARRIS FOR PRESIDENTDonated $1,200 to HARRIS FOR PRESIDENTSource
Donated toBATTLEGROUND ARIZONADonated $300 to BATTLEGROUND ARIZONASource
Donated toDonald J. Trump For President 2024Donated $900 to NEVER SURRENDER, INC.Source
Donated toDEMOCRATIC CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGN COMM. - BLDG FUNDDonated $300 to DCCCSource
Voted onRatepayer Protection Act (H.R. 9340)Vote yea on roll call 254 (On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed)Source
Voted onOne Big Beautiful Bill Act (H.R. 1, 119th)Vote yea on roll call 372 (On Passage)Source
Voted onStriking the AI-preemption from H.R. 1 (Blackburn Amdt. 2814)Vote yea on roll call 363 (On the Amendment)Source
Voted onA joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management relating to "Protection of Marine Archaeological Resources".Vote yea on roll call 92Source
Voted onA joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs.Vote nay on roll call 225Source
Voted onA joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions".Vote yea on roll call 153Source
Voted onA joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications".Vote yea on roll call 106Source
Voted onA joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency of the Department of the Treasury relating to the review of applications under the Bank Merger Act.Vote yea on roll call 237Source
Voted onA joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act".Vote yea on roll call 229Source
Voted onA joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision".Vote yea on roll call 599Source
Voted onA joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress.Vote yea on roll call 9Source
Voted onFull-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025Vote yea on roll call 133Source
Voted onRescissions Act of 2025Vote yea on roll call 411Source
Voted onContinuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026Vote yea on roll call 618Source
Voted on21st Century ROAD to Housing ActVote not_voting on roll call 182Source
Voted onCommerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026Vote yea on roll call 11Source
Voted onConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2026Vote yea on roll call 20Source
Voted onHomeland Security and Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2026.Vote yea on roll call 74Source
Voted onLaken Riley ActVote yea on roll call 7Source
Voted onHALT Fentanyl ActVote yea on roll call 127Source
Voted onNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026Vote yea on roll call 648Source
Voted onSecure America ActVote yea on roll call 163Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions".Vote yea on roll call 97Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales".Vote yea on roll call 151Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters".Vote yea on roll call 207Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers".Vote yea on roll call 162Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program for Appliance Standards: Certification Requirements, Labeling Requirements, and Enforcement Provisions for Certain Consumer Products and Commercial Equipment".Vote yea on roll call 223Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers".Vote yea on roll call 228Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the National Park Service relating to "Glen Canyon National Recreation Area: Motor Vehicles".Vote yea on roll call 239Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Rubber Tire Manufacturing".Vote yea on roll call 232Source
Voted onProviding congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine and Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; The "Omnibus" Low NOX Regulation; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".Vote yea on roll call 281Source
Voted onProviding congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".Vote yea on roll call 277Source
Voted onProviding congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".Vote yea on roll call 279Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment".Vote yea on roll call 549Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan".Vote yea on roll call 556Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan".Vote yea on roll call 560Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment.Vote yea on roll call 623Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision.Vote yea on roll call 632Source
Voted onDisapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025.Vote not_voting on roll call 37Source
Voted onProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN.Vote yea on roll call 84Source
Affiliated withJIM JUSTICE FOR U.S. SENATEJIM JUSTICE FOR U.S. SENATE is the principal campaign committee of James C. Justice (FEC committee C00839100, designation P; candidate S4WV00332).Source
Funder ofBATTLEGROUND ARIZONAJames Justice donated $300 to BATTLEGROUND ARIZONA (QPQ tracked total)Editorial
Advocated for byDefend American JobsIndependent expenditures totaling $12,000,000.00 across 8 filingsSource