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Entity DossierPerson

Rep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]

R · MT

Tracked receipts exceed tracked giving by

$110,000

Member of Congress

Tracked direct giving

$0

Tracked donations to candidate

$110,000

Connections

13

Votes

3

QPQ Score

100%

1/1 aligned

The QPQ Score measures how often this legislator voted in line with their donors' advocacy positions. 1 of 1 trackable votes aligned with donor interests across 3 donors. This metric shows correlation, not causation.

The Money Trail

How money flowed to Rep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]

$609K
3 transactions across 3 counterparties

Defend American Jobs spent $499K supporting Rep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]. Rep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2] voted YES on GENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (S.394) — which Defend American Jobs advocates for.

May 2024independent expenditure GENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Inno… aligned with donor
$609K tracked across 3 counterparties·1 policy outcome·1 aligned
PAC Chain Attribution

Who funded Rep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]

Attributed amounts are modeled estimates of how money flowed through intermediary PACs, computed by proportional apportionment of FEC-reported transactions. They are not reported transactions themselves. How we compute this

$420K
modeled estimate
26 paths across 12 counterparties
$150Kmodeled estimatefrom Coinbase, Inc.
2024 cycle5 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$46Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.Defend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$40Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.FairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$39Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.FairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$13Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.FairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$13Kmodeled estimateCoinbase, Inc.FairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$71Kmodeled estimatefrom ANDREESSEN, MARC
2024 cycle5 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$23Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$18Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$18Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$6Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$6Kmodeled estimateANDREESSEN, MARCFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$71Kmodeled estimatefrom HOROWITZ, BEN
2024 cycle5 paths1–2 hopsMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$23Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$18Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$18Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$6Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$6Kmodeled estimateHOROWITZ, BENFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

2024 cycle1 path1 hopMedium confidenceCross-cycle

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$46Kmodeled estimatefrom Ripple Labs Inc.
2024 cycle1 path1 hopMedium confidenceCross-cycle
$46Kmodeled estimateRipple Labs Inc.Defend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$25Kmodeled estimatefrom Jump Crypto
2024 cycle2 paths2 hopsMedium confidence
$13Kmodeled estimateJump CryptoFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$13Kmodeled estimateJump CryptoFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$3Kmodeled estimatefrom Paradigm Operations LP
2024 cycle2 paths2 hopsMedium confidence
$1Kmodeled estimateParadigm Operations LPFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$1Kmodeled estimateParadigm Operations LPFairshakeDefend American JobsRep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2]mediumindependent_expenditure

at least $499K documented end-to-end

$2Kmodeled estimatefrom Marc J. Rowan
2024 cycle1 path1 hopMedium confidence

at least $7K documented end-to-end

Plus 4 additional chains totaling $6K.

$420K attributed (modeled estimate) across 26 paths·Up to 2 hops deep·Source FEC filings (Schedules A, B, E)·How we compute this

Dark Money Spending

Election spending by organizations that do not disclose their donors. Dark money flows through 501(c)(4) social welfare organizations, 501(c)(6) trade associations, and similar entities that are not required to reveal their funders. Figures below are never combined with disclosed-donor totals.

Dark Money Targeting This Entity

FilerAmountTypeSupport/OpposeDate
Defend American Jobs$498,714Form 5 IEN/AMay 23, 2024

Money spent by non-disclosing organizations on ads and communications referencing this candidate. These dollars do not flow to the candidate's committee.

Methodology Disclosure

Dark money figures are derived from FEC Form 5 (independent expenditures by non-committee organizations) and Form 9 (electioneering communications). These filings capture spending on ads and election communications but do not reveal the identity of the organization's donors. QPQ totals may differ from benchmarks like the Brennan Center's estimates because QPQ includes all Form 5 filers, while some benchmarks count only a subset of non-disclosing nonprofits. Grant chain data is from IRS Form 990 Schedule I and may not include all years or all grantee organizations.

Connected Government Contracts

Companies that Rep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2] holds stock in, is employed by, or receives donations from may also receive government contracts. The connections below show which companies have federal awards.

Received donations from

Received donations from affiliated PAC/entity

No contracts found

Stock disclosures from Senate EFD / House Financial Disclosures. Contract data from USASpending.gov. Connection does not imply wrongdoing.

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QPQ Score Breakdown

Each row shows a vote where this legislator's donors had an advocacy position. “Aligned” means the vote matched what donors wanted.

Bill / OutcomeVoteDonor PositionDonorAligned
GENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Innovation f...yeaAdvocated forDefend American JobsYes

Election Results

YearOfficeStatePartyResultTotal RaisedPAC Money
2024US HouseMontanaRepublicanWon

Donations Received

DonorAmountDateCycle
Defend American JobsIE support$498,714May 23, 20242024
NATIONAL REPUBLICAN SENATORIAL COMMITTEE$60,000Oct 16, 20242024
STEVE DAINES FOR MONTANA$50,000Oct 16, 20242024

Voting Record

Relationships

TypeConnected ToDetailsSource
Advocated forCBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act, 119th CongressCosponsor, sponsorship date 2025-03-06Source
Voted onCLARITY Act, Digital Asset Market Clarity ActVote yea on roll call 199Source
Voted onGENIUS Act, Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (S.394)Vote yea on roll call 200Source
Voted onCBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act, 119th CongressVote yea on roll call 201Source
Held officeU.S. House of RepresentativesSitting member of the U.S. House in the 119th Congress.Source
Member ofNatural Resources CommitteeMember of Natural Resources Committee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofFinancial Services CommitteeMember of Financial Services Committee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofIndian and Insular Affairs SubcommitteeMember of Indian and Insular Affairs Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofWater, Wildlife and Fisheries SubcommitteeMember of Water, Wildlife and Fisheries Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofDigital Assets, Financial Technology, and Artificial Intelligence SubcommitteeMember of Digital Assets, Financial Technology, and Artificial Intelligence Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofCapital Markets SubcommitteeMember of Capital Markets Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Member ofHousing and Insurance SubcommitteeMember of Housing and Insurance Subcommittee (119th Congress).Source
Advocated for byDefend American JobsIndependent expenditures totaling $2,039,836.64 across 8 filingsSource